The most fundamental cause of arcing is the exposure of conductive parts in electrical circuits. This article focuses on arcs in circuits and does not discuss arcs on electrical connection points.

Arc generation has the following prerequisites:

Aging of cable insulation: Aging of cable insulation can lead to radial cracks along the metal conductors.

Circuit Overheating: Overheating circuits can cause the insulation of cables (especially bundled bundles) to melt, exposing metal conductors.

Liquid attack: The insulation of some cables may be attacked by some kind of liquid on the aircraft, causing the insulation to break down. While similar provisions exist in SAE AS 3473, the fluids used in the test are not the same fluids that may corrode cables on aircraft.

There may be risks in the manufacturing process of wiring harness components: During the manufacturing process of wiring harness components, there may be imperceptible damage to the cable insulation due to bending, squeezing, dragging, stepping, and twisting.

Damage during the installation and maintenance of the cable harness: During the installation and maintenance process, the cable harness may cause imperceptible cracks due to the collision and pulling of tools.

Vibration and friction: When a wire harness assembly is not properly installed, it swings and rubs with structural or system components. Over time, it may cause damage to the insulation layer of the cable.

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